The symptoms of a Rabies infection will appear shortly after a bite: FALSE.
After the bite of an infected animal, Rabies symptoms may take weeks, months, or in some cases, years to appear in humans (this is known as the incubation period). The length of time before symptoms appear can vary based on where you were bitten (arm, leg, face, etc.), the type of Rabies infection (bat or canine), and if you were vaccinated against Rabies before the bite. The long incubation period of Rabies can make diagnosis and treatment difficult because patients may assume no infection occurred until symptoms develop – at which point the disease becomes fatal. If you suspect you were exposed to the Rabies virus, always seek prompt medical care and vaccination.
Rabies is only transmitted by animal bites: FALSE.
Rabies is transmitted through contact with the saliva of an infected animal. Bites are the most common mode of Rabies transmission but the virus can be transmitted when saliva enters any open wound or mucus membrane (such as the mouth, nose, or eye). As a result, licks or scratches from rabid animals can also transmit the virus.
Canines, particularly dogs, are the most common source of Rabies transmission worldwide because they bite readily and often have contact with humans and other animals. Canine Rabies – a specific type of Rabies that is spread among dogs, foxes, coyotes, wolves, and other canines – is still endemic (meaning it is regularly found) in parts of Africa, Asia, and Central and South America. In these regions, there are significant challenges to reducing Rabies in canines such as low vaccination rates in dogs, limited and costly veterinary services, lack of public awareness, and uncontrolled dog populations.
Most Rabies deaths occur in Africa and Asia and are due to bites, scratches, or licks from dogs. In Europe, Canada, and the United States, human Rabies cases are rare because most dogs are vaccinated against it. In these regions, Rabies is most often reported in wild animals such as raccoons, skunks, and foxes.
Animals will clearly appear rabid and unwell: FALSE.
While most animals will demonstrate some signs of illness such as aggression or lack of balance, some may not have noticeable symptoms.
Wherever you go, it’s important to avoid contact with wild or feral animals. In countries with canine Rabies, avoid contact with dogs and other biting mammals (such as monkeys), particularly if they are acting strangely. Teach children not to pet, feed, or play with animals – even if the animal is friendly. Encourage them to report any contact with an animal and reassure them that it is not their fault if they get bitten or scratched.
If you or your child are bitten or scratched by an animal, wash the wound thoroughly with soap and water, rinse it with antiseptic, and immediately seek medical care.