There are some practical reasons why dog breeders may prefer to use AI as a breeding method instead of natural mating methods (this list is not exhaustive):
AI allows the use of semen from stud dogs worldwide. And eliminates the need to transport stud dogs across the globe to mate a bitch. As the stud dog would not need to travel, this would eliminate transport-associated stress.
AI is sometimes elected as a conception method when there have been unsuccessful natural matings, failure to conceive naturally, or if the bitch or stud dog is inexperienced.
Frozen semen provides an opportunity to pass on ‘superior’ genetic traits from stud dogs who are no longer with us; allowing their desirable traits to be passed on to future litters.
AI reduces (although does not completely eliminate) the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Because the AI method eliminates physical contact, it will prevent the spread of infections and devastating diseases; such as Brucellosis, canine herpes virus (CHV) and canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVF).
Practically, AI can lead to widening of gene pools as genetic traits are no longer restricted to narrow geographical regions.
Weaknesses/disadvantages of canine AI
There are also many welfare and ethical concerns with canine AI; and there are disadvantages with this method of breeding (this list is also not exhaustive!):
There is a risk of direct physical or psychological trauma from the AI process. Inexperienced or incorrect AI methods may lead to complications and infection. Surgical AI in particular poses a high surgical procedure risk. Some argue that this procedure does not consider their best interest.
Given that semen can be frozen and used to pass on certain genetics for many years, there is a risk of passing on undesirable traits and genetic disorders for a very long time.
AI is sometimes a chosen method of breeding in bitches who are unable to conceive naturally due to anatomical or breed conformational reasons. Breeding these dogs with suspected hereditary traits using AI is a major welfare and ethical concern as there are clearly undesirable traits that are likely to be passed onto their offspring, potentially affecting their health in the future.
Animal welfare remains hugely topical because AI poses risks of the transmission of hereditary diseases and conditions.
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Having a dog as a pet brings you a lot of joy. However, choosing the dog is not that easy. Each breed has its own characteristics and personalities. In some cases, natural mating may be very difficult and hazardous. This is when artificial insemination (AI) is required.
Though most AI breeding tends to produce smaller litters, most breeders consider this as an acceptable compromise compared to the advantages gained from AI. Furthermore, AI technologies are advancing due to the widespread use of AI. The popularity of AI in canine reproduction keeps growing.
AI is an assisted reproductive practice that is commonly used in animal breeding and gradually getting popular among some dog breeders. Even though some purebred breeders maintain the convention of natural mating, AI has to be inevitably applied from now and then due to the following 5 reasons.
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