Curious to know can monkey sperm fertile human egg? This article will briefly help you find an answer. We will also discuss the genomic structures of both apes and humans. Further possibilities like, can a human sperm fertile monkey egg? will also be addressed.
(b) Recombinant protein production and purification
All proteins were expressed as soluble recombinant proteins where the entire predicted ectodomains were expressed from plasmid constructs made by gene synthesis (GeneArt), except mouse Juno where the ectodomain was amplified from a cDNA clone isolated as previously described [11]. The regions encoding the ectodomains of Juno and Izumo1 were flanked by unique NotI and AscI sites and subcloned into a derivative of the pTT3 expression vector [12] that contains a rat CD4 (Ig-like domains 3 and 4) tag for quantitation, and either an enzymatically biotinylatable peptide tag (‘bait’ vector), or a pentamerization domain from the rat cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and β-lactamase (‘prey’ vector). Both bait and prey proteins also contained a C-terminal 6-His tag for purification [13]. Briefly, the proteins were expressed by transient transfection of HEK293E cells grown in suspension culture as previously described [14] and collected from the cell culture supernatant 6 days post-transfection. His-tagged proteins were purified from the culture supernatants by affinity chromatography on HisTrap HP columns (GE Healthcare) using an ÄKTAxpress (GE Healthcare) according to the manufacturers instructions.
The term “sub-human”, when applied to human lives, has disturbing connotations. That is, however, how many of us do think of very early periods in the human life-span: periods we ourselves have long put behind us, and were not aware of at the time. We like to stress the tiny size and unusual appearance of early human embryos, and take refuge in their peaceful (and for embryos, quite normal) unawareness of what their interests are.
We are not talking here about the modest form of hybrid made by adding one or two human genes to existing animal embryos. That does not seem to pose such serious problems with regard to human life or human parenthood. We are talking, rather, about the kind of hybrid which involves the substitution of human material for animal sperm or eggs – and thus a reproductive interaction of a kind that should alarm and repulse us.
Why does all of this matter? It matters because we matter: humankind – the rational human species. There is a unique value not just to human life (some hybrids, at least, may be genuine human embryos) – but to the process by which human life can and should come into being. Human and animal fertility are different, and should be kept entirely separate. Just as bestiality degrades human fertility, so too does human-animal fertilisation and any similar procedure. This is something too close to – though also very far from – something we ought to hold dear, and even sacred: the process by which human beings come together and human life is passed on. Respect for human fertility is part of respect for ourselves and our children: at our peril, we treat the human genome as suitable for fertilising cows.
Recently, however, there has been a new development: what might be termed the “sub-sub-human human”. This is an entity which, in some cases, may actually be a human embryo, but whose animal components put its status in doubt. An example is the hybrid clone created from an enucleated animal egg and the nucleus from a human cell. For all we know, such an embryo might even be human – perhaps especially if cloning were carried out with eggs from, for example, chimpanzees. In such a case, the embryos partial mother would be, quite literally, a non-human animal; otherwise the embryo would be, like any clone, without genetic parents. True, the embryo would not, at present, be implanted – but does that really solve the problem? If it is human, it is human already, and certain things follow: swift disposal will not change that fact.
Cross-species fertilisation has, however, been approved across the board under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act, together with a raft of other projects of a similarly ill-thought-out – and internationally unusual – kind. Before even the bill was passed, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, with its customary confidence, took it upon itself to license the creation of human-animal hybrids. The kind licensed was the “hybrid human clone” described above, where instead of replacing animal sperm with human sperm, animal sperm (and the inside of the ovum) is replaced by an entire human nucleus.
Conclusion:
We briefly answered the question: can monkey sperm fertilize human egg? We also learnt details of human and monkey genomic materials. We learnt that no, it is not possible for a monkey sperm to fertilize a human egg.
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